Anti-Anemic Potential of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Role of Hepcidin, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation

authored by

Samir AE Bashandy, Marawan AElbaset, Fatma A.A. Ibrahim, Sherif A. Abdelmottaleb Moussa, Noha A. Abd El-Latif, Sherif M. Afifi, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Ahmed M.A. El-Seidy

Abstract

Background: Obesity and overweight result in low-grade systemic inflammation associated with an increase of oxidative stress and hepcidin discharging and lowering iron absorption giving rise to anemia. This study is aimed to investigate the anti-anemic effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO

₂NPs) in obese rats via investigation of hepcidin expression, ferritin, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress parameters Methods: CeO

₂NPs were synthesized using sol–gel method. Eight male rats were specified as control non-obese. Twenty-four Wistar adult male rats were subjected to high fat diet /sucrose and they were divided into 3 groups; obese, 15 or 30 mg.kg

⁻¹ CeO

₂NPs IP treatment for the subsequent 8 weeks. Blood cell counts, hepicidin gene expression in adipose tissue, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters beside iron parameters were evaluated in the experimental groups. Results: CeO

₂NPs crystallite size is 48.88 nm. The ratio of Ce

⁴⁺ was 69.33 %. The intraperitoneal injection of obese rats with CeO

₂NPs substantially reduced the elevetion in WBCs, platelets count, plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), and CRP (C-reactive protein) levels. Also, CeO

₂NPs combate the increase of hepcidin gene expression, ferritin level, iron content in adipose tissue, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and plasma leptin concentration of obese rats. Moreover, RBCs and WBCs count, Hb level, adiponectin level, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were enhanced in obese rats given CeO

₂NPs. Conclusion: CeO

₂NPs may have anti-anemic activity in obese rats via management of hepcidin gene expression along with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

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